1-Pyrenebutyric acid
1-Pyrenebutyric acid is a fluorescence probe whose fluorescence lifetime depends on local oxygen and free radical concentrations. 1-Pyrenebutyric acid is used in fluorescence determination of DNA. 1-Pyrenebutyric acid can be used as a linker for biomolecules to form a self-assembled monolayer on grapheme. 1-Pyrenebutyric acid can also be used for the measurement of free radicals in solution and in living cells[3][4].